Stabilizer for flying-machines.



`E. H. ANDRAE.

STABILIZER FOR'FLYING MACHINES.

' APPLICATION FILED 11111.28, 1911 LENEWBD l1111.1, 191:1.

Patented Oct. 8, 1912.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

N QQ 3mm/EM E. H. ANDRAE.

STABILIZBR FOR FLYING MACHINES.

APPLICATION FILED huma, 1011. nmmwnn AUG. 1, 1912.

P@tnted 0015.8, 1912.

B SHEETS-'SHEET il.

STABILIZE'R FOR li`LYING-MACHINES Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct 8, 1912.

Application filed January 28, 1911, Serial No. 605,246. Renewed August 1, 1912. Serial No. 712,769.

To all 'whom 'it 'may concern:

Be it known that l, ERNST H. Anouar., a citizen oiE the United States, residing at Dallas, in the county of Dallas and State oll 5 Texas, have invented new and useful Im* provements in Stabilizers for Flying-Machines, ot which the following is a specification.

'lhis invention `relates to stabilizers for lying machines, the object of the invention being to provide simple and eti'ective means upon the lateral margins of a main plane or supporting surface operating auto1natically upon the lateral oscillation of the machine in either direction to restore it to a horizontal or balanced position.

The invention consists o the features of' construction, combination and arrangement of parts, hereinafter fully described and claimt-nh reference being had to the acco1npanying drawing, in Whichz- Figure l is a plan View of a main plane embodying the invention, showing the stabilizing wings or flaps in normal position. Fig 2 is a longitudinal section of the same. Figs. 3 and 4, are, respectively, longitudinal and transverse sections through one end of the main plane, showing in full and dotted lines the wing tips in normal and turned up positions. i

Referring to the drawing, l designates the main plane or supporting surface or' a .flying machine, which may be of any suitable construction and which is provided at its opposite ends with vertically movable tips or actuating flaps 2 and 3, extending from front to rear or' said main plane. Each of these tips or flaps normally lies in the plane of the main plane and is hinged thereto for upt ward vertical movement and is limited in its downward movement by a stop bracket 4,

which prevents its depression below the plane of the main plane.

Arranged upon each end of the main plane in proximity to each flap 2 or 3 is a pair of stabilizing wings or flaps 5 and 6, mounted for sliding movement in guidcways 7 in a fore and aft direction, or transversely across the main plane. The inner ends of these Wings are connected by contractile springs 8, whereby they are normally turned to gether so that their outer edges will lie Hush or substantially so `with the front and rear edges oit the main plane, 'the said stabilizing wings thus normally forming part of the main plane and being unexposed to the action of the air.

The wings 5 ando of each end of the main plane are pivotally connected at their inner ends with the normal inner ends of a pair of toggle levers t), which l'evers, are pivotally connected at their outer ends to a pin 10 slidably mounted in a longitudinal guide slot ll formed in the body of the main plane and proj ccting` beneath the same. The lower end oi" the slidingI pivot pin l0 associated with the stabilizing wings at each end of the main plane is connected by a cord or other flexible connection 'l2 with the tip 2 0r 3 at the opposite end of the main plane, and extends beneath the main plane and over one or more suitable guide pulleys 13. The levers 9 connected with each pair of wings normally extend outward toward the adja cent tip in convergent relation, and arc adapted to be drawn inward by the coacting cord l2 to lie in longitudinal alincmcnt and in such extension action to slide the wings 5 and G outward beyond the longitudinal edges with the main plane for the stabilizing action.

From the 'foregoing description, it willbe understood, that the wings tip at either end ol the main plane and the stabilizing Wings actuated thereby at the opposite end of the main plane are normally held retracted by tho action o'l the springs S associated with said wings, and that both sets of tips and wings lie `in such normal position when the machine is lravelilig horizontally or preserves its lateral balance. lVhen, however, a gust ot' `wind strikes the tip 2 or 3 at either extremity o t' t-hc main plane and lifts the machine at that side, such tip will be automatically elevated by the air pressure and will draw upon the cord 'l0 connected therewith, thus projecting the sliding flaps 5 and (3 at the opposite cnd of the main plane, whereby the supporting surface ,at the elevated end of thc main plane Will be decreased aud the supporting surface at the depressed end of the main plane increased, resulting;r in the automatic restoration to its normal lateral balance. It will, of course, be understood that the stabilizing Wings at the elevated side of the -machine remain unali'eeted during this action, thus preventing any increase of the area of the supporting surface at the side where the surface will be decreased for the stabilizing opera# tion.

Having thus describedthe invention, I claim:-

1. In a flying machine, the combination of a main plane, u'pwardly movable Wing tips at each end of the main plane, a pair of sliding stabilizing wings' at each end of the main plane movable outwardly beyond the front and rear edges of said lane, means for holding each pair of stabilizing wings retracted, and an operating connection between the vertically movable tip at each end of the main plane and the sliding stabilizing wings at the opposite end of said main plane.

2. In a flying machine, the combination of Y a main plane, upwardly movable .wing tips at the opposite ends of said main plane, out- Wardly movable stabilizing wings at each end of the mainy plane arranged to slide across said plane to be projected beyond theV front. and rear edges thereof, means for nor-r mally holding each pair of stabilizing wings retracted, operating devices for projecting the same, and a connection between the operating devices of the stabilizing wings at each end of the mainplane and-the wing tip at the opposite end of said main plane.

3. In afiying. machine, the combination of a main plane, fore and aft movable stabilizing elements at each end of the main plane,

means for holding the, same normally retracted, an actuating member vat each end of the main plane movable upward under air pressure, and a connection between 'the actuating member at cach end of the main plaine and the stabilizing element 'at the opposite Loaoae yend of the main plane vfor projecting the latter upon the upward movement of the former.

4. In a flying machine, the combination of a main plane, Wing tips hinged to the opposite ends of the main plane for upward" movement under air pressure, a pair of slid- -ing stabilizing wings at eachend of the' main plane normally lying within the con,-`

ines of said plane and adapted for move'- ment beyond the front and rear edges there-` of, means for normally holding said stabilizing wings retracted, toggle leversfor pro-`l` jecting each pair of stabilizing wings,- and4 a connection bet-Ween the toggle levers of the stabilizing wings at each end of the main plane, and the hinged wing tip at the opposite end of the said main plane.

5. In a flying machine, the combinationfoi. a main plane, wing tips hinged to the opi `60 movement under air pressure, a pair of 'slid-" posite ends of the main planefor upward ing stabilizing Wings at each end ,of the main plane normally lying within the contines of;

said plane and adaptedfor movement,be`l yond the front and rear edges thereof,

springs for normally holding each paifrfof stabilizing wings retracted, toggle leversfor` i projecting each pair of stabilizingy wings',` and a connection between the toggle levers` of the stabilizing wings at-,each endet the main plane, and the hinged wingtipat opposite end of the said main plane.

In testimony whereof I aiiix mysignature in presence of two Witnesses. Y u

ERNST H. 'ANDREv Witnesses: g

LB. CLARK, C. W. STEWART. 

